A cool gel, a small head moved in slow circles over the skin, and not much to feel. Therapeutic ultrasound is one of the most familiar physiotherapy treatments. But what does it actually do?
What it is
Therapeutic ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves, beyond the range of hearing, delivered through the skin with a probe and gel. It's different from diagnostic ultrasound, which produces images.
It can be used in two main ways:
- Continuous mode: produces mild deep heat in the tissues
- Pulsed mode: produces less heat, and is thought to affect tissue at a cellular level
What it's used for
Traditionally, ultrasound has been used for:
- Soft tissue injuries (muscle, tendon, ligament)
- Tendon problems
- Pain and stiffness
- Scar tissue
Myth 1: Ultrasound heals injuries fast
The research on therapeutic ultrasound is mixed. Some studies show modest benefits for certain conditions, while many show little difference compared to placebo. Overall, the evidence that it speeds healing on its own is limited.
Myth 2: The more ultrasound, the better
More sessions of ultrasound alone don't replace active treatment. Without exercise and load management, the underlying problem usually remains.
Myth 3: Machine treatment is "real" physiotherapy
Modern physiotherapy is mostly active: assessment, exercise, education and hands-on treatment. Machines like ultrasound are, at most, a supporting tool.
Where it might fit
- Short-term pain relief or comfort in some cases
- As an add-on to make exercise more comfortable
Safety
Ultrasound is generally safe when used correctly by a trained professional. It is avoided:
- Over a pregnant abdomen
- Over areas with cancer
- Over the eyes or reproductive organs
- Over areas with poor sensation or circulation
- Over metal implants, in some cases
How we use it
At our clinic, we use machine-based treatments only where they're likely to help, and always alongside exercise and hands-on therapy. If you're having session after session of machine treatment with no exercise or plan, ask what the next step is.
This article is general advice and can't diagnose you. A physio can examine you and tell you what's right for your body, so message or call us if you're unsure.
Talk to a physio about this
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